In order to lessen the possibility for semantic misunderstanding of the above and following text, "normal" has been used to indicate a perpendicular relationship between real vectors, "orthogonal" when imaginary vectors are perpendicular, and “orthonormal“ between (seemingly perpendicular) real and imaginary vectors (in complex vector space). Where clarity demands “perpendicular“ has been used in a generic sense or in addition to the other terms. Imaginary i has been used in conjunction with scalar variables only when pertinent to its context and as a subscripted i to identify imaginary vectors. The subscript i has also been used with angles in circular trigonometric relations, however, only to indicate that the vectors which constitute them are imaginary; the relations and associated angles themselves are of course real. The subscript ‘r’ has been used for increments that determine Lorentz reference frame velocity (b) with which no other symbols have been associated. Other than priming vectors, neither symbol ^ nor coordinate superscripts have been used in conjunction with vectors in order to avoid unnecessary distraction.